Marblehead Public Schools. From ACFRs and DESE (Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education).
Student enrollment (FY01–FY25, from ACFRs)
Student enrollment peaked at 3,327 (FY14) and has declined 23% to 2,564 (FY25). Enrollment from ACFR "Demographic and Economic Statistics" tables.
Three sources count school staffing three different ways. They tell three different stories. Indexed below to FY15 = 100, with enrollment plotted for reference. Click a legend item to toggle.
FY15–FY25, all series indexed to FY15 = 100. Enrollment fell 21%. Both DESE (state) measures continue to decline (total educator FTE −15.8% to 84.2; classroom teacher FTE −12.3% to 87.7). The ACFR (town) finishes at 104.5, after the FY25 ACFR restated FY20–FY22 upward to roughly 110 and FY23 to 118.2. The dashed line's FY20–FY23 plateau and FY23 peak are not real one-year hiring waves – they reflect a counting methodology shift the town has now applied retroactively. The FY23 data jump explainer covers the restatement in detail.
The ACFR and DESE totals should not be compared as if they measure the same thing. Use whichever fits the question: the ACFR for cost footprint, the DESE total for school-side staffing, the DESE teacher count for classroom instruction.
Between FY22 and FY23 the ACFR's education FTE jumped from 483 to 537. The FY24 ACFR held the line at 537.0 for a second year. Over the same window DESE showed a small decline (450 to 445), and Town payroll rosters showed the school workforce went 705 to 699, also a small decline. Asked about the discrepancy in 2026, the town's school finance office and CFO attributed the jump to a reporting error by prior administrations, not 54 new hires.
The FY25 ACFR (June 2026) then formalized that diagnosis by restating FY20–FY23 upward to apply the FY23-and-later counting methodology to the earlier years too. In the new numbers, FY20–FY22 sit around 540 (up from ~482), FY23 lands at 579, FY24 at 538, and the newly available FY25 at 512. Only the Education row was restated; the other five town functions (General government, Public safety, Public works, Health and human services, Culture and recreation) carry identical values in both ACFRs — which isolates the methodology shift to school staff. More on the discrepancy.
The 12.3% drop in total classroom teacher FTE (FY15–FY25) hides two opposing trends. General education teachers fell 9%; special education teachers fell 34% with a major step down in FY25.
Teacher FTE by program area, FY15–FY25, indexed to FY15 = 100, from DESE. General education teachers ended FY25 at 190.4 (−9.4% from FY15's 210.1, but +3.2% from FY24's 184.5). Special education teachers fell from 44.6 (FY15) and 56.7 (FY24) to 29.3 (FY25). Total teacher FTE went 256.8 (FY15) → 245.7 (FY24) → 225.1 (FY25), a 12% cumulative decline. The FY19–FY21 dip and the FY24→FY25 SPED drop both coincide with offsetting movement in general education or in non-teacher DESE categories, consistent with DESE reclassification rather than clean staff cuts — though the FY25 total is genuinely down by ~20 teacher FTE. The "FY23 data jump" deep dive on the parent page walks through the FY25 SPED cliff specifically — cross-referencing the FY25 budget book (Robidoux's Feb 28, 2024 workshop materials), the actual planned SPED reduction was about 3 FTE; the rest of the 27-FTE drop is DESE classification movement. Raw data in data/dese_teacher_fte_by_program.csv.
Students per teacher FTE, four peer towns
Students per classroom teacher FTE, FY15 to FY24, from DESE district profiles. FY24 ratios: Melrose 13.7, Swampscott 11.1, Stoneham 10.8, Marblehead 10.7. Change from FY15: Melrose −5%, Swampscott −10%, Stoneham −13%, Marblehead −16%. Marblehead's enrollment fell 19% over the period; teacher FTE fell 4%.
Enrollment from ACFR "Demographic and Economic Statistics" tables. May include or exclude charter school students depending on year.
ACFR education FTE from "Full-time Equivalent Town Employees by Function," education row. FTE counts part-time employees as fractions.
DESE total educator FTE from the Education Personnel Information Management System (EPIMS), accessed via the E2C Hub Socrata API at educationtocareer.data.mass.gov/resource/j5ue-xkfn.json. Raw data in data/dese_total_educator_fte.csv.
DESE teacher FTE by program area from educationtocareer.data.mass.gov/resource/vd2f-ib9q.json. Raw data in data/dese_teacher_fte_by_program.csv. Peer-town teacher FTE and enrollment data in data/dese_peer_teachers_enrollment.csv.
The declining-enrollment / flat-staffing pattern is common across Massachusetts and is partly driven by special education mandates (IEP-required staffing), out-of-district placements ($4.6M in FY26 school budget), and federal requirements that do not scale with enrollment.
Enrollment fell 23% between FY14 and FY25, but the chart at the top of this page does not say whether the school-age population of Marblehead also fell, or whether resident families left MPS for private, charter, or out-of-district schools. The two questions have different answers.
Marblehead resident school-age kids vs. MPS enrollment, 2014–2026
School-age residents (ages 5–17) from ACS 5-year estimates, end-years 2014–2023; the line stops at 2023 because the 2024 5-year vintage has not yet been released. ACS small-area age estimates carry margins of error of roughly ±400; read the line as a trend, not an exact count. MPS resident enrollment and METCO from DESE "Reasons for Student Enrollment by Town". Resident enrollment fell 27% (3,184 to 2,321), METCO fell 42% (81 to 47), and the school-age cohort fell about 5% (within margin of error). Raw data in data/acs_school_age_marblehead.csv and data/dese_metco_nonresident.csv.
The chart above raises a question it does not fully answer. ACS says about 3,870 school-age residents live in town. MPS enrolls about 2,531 of them. So where are the rest? DESE publishes a separate, direct enumeration of where students residing in each Massachusetts town actually attend school. The most recent year available is school year 2023–24:
| Where Marblehead-resident students attend | SY 2023–24 | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Marblehead Public Schools | 2,465 | 79.4% |
| In-state private schools | 500 | 16.1% |
| Charter schools | 61 | 2.0% |
| Homeschool | 37 | 1.2% |
| Vocational (Essex Tech) and collaboratives | 32 | 1.0% |
| Out-of-district public (mostly SPED) | 8 | 0.3% |
| Out-of-state private | 3 | 0.1% |
| Total Marblehead kids in school | 3,106 | 100.0% |
From DESE "School Attending Children", which counts every student by town of residence and category of school attended. The total here (3,106) is below the ACS school-age population (~3,870) because ACS counts all 5- to 17-year-olds living in town, including children not yet enrolled in kindergarten and a small number who do not appear in any school enrollment system. Raw data in data/dese_school_attending_marblehead.csv.
The "School Attending Children" dataset goes back to 1985. Comparing where Marblehead kids attended school in 1985, 2010, and today shows that the public school share has been remarkably stable across four decades, while the total cohort has gone up and back down:
Marblehead-resident kids by where they attend school, 1985–2025
Same source as the table above. The public school share of Marblehead-resident kids in school has held in a narrow band between 76% and 86% across the entire 1985–2025 window. The total cohort rose from 3,032 (1985) to a peak of 3,955 (2013), then fell to 3,091 (2025), almost back to its 1985 level. Of the 712-student decline in MPS attendance from the 2010 peak to 2025, about 670 students (94%) tracks the cohort decline; the remaining ~40 reflects a modest share shift toward non-MPS options. School year 2020 is missing from the source dataset.
What the residual table is, and is not. The decomposition table answers "where do Marblehead-resident kids attend school?" using one direct count from the state. It does not answer "why?" Reasons families choose private, charter, or homeschool vary, and most of those choices have been made consistently for decades, not driven by recent MPS events. The total cohort decline appears to be the dominant driver of the MPS enrollment drop, not migration to private schools.
Two slightly different "MPS resident" numbers. The first chart shows 2,531 (SY 2023–24) from DESE's by-reason dataset. The decomposition table shows 2,465 from the school-attending-children dataset. The difference (~66 students) is at the margin of how the two datasets classify foreign-exchange students, parent-paid tuitioned-in students, and pre-K. Both are valid DESE figures using slightly different definitions of "Marblehead-resident."